Several other pests associated with jute are the mealy bugs, Ferrisia virgata, Phenacoccus hirsutus and Pseudococcus filamentosus var. corymbatus (Pseudococcidae: Hemiptera); scale, Parasaissetia nigra (Coccidae: Hemiptera); leaf thrips, Ayyaria chaetophora (Thripidae: Thysanoptera); hairy caterpillar, Spilosoma obliqua (Arctiidae: Lepidoptera); cutworm, Spodoptera Iitura and armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera); leafminer, Trachys dasi (Buprestidae: Coleoptera) and beetles, Pachnephorus bretinghami and Nodostoma bengalensis (Eumolpidae: Coleoptera).